Diabetes In Pregnancy
Diabetes in pregnancy, also known as gestational diabetes, occurs when a woman develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. This condition typically develops in the second or third trimester and affects about 2-10% of pregnancies. It is caused by the body’s inability to produce enough insulin to meet the increased needs during pregnancy, leading to elevated glucose levels in the blood.
Gestational diabetes can increase the risk of complications for both the mother and baby. For the mother, it raises the risk of high blood pressure, preeclampsia, and the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. For the baby, gestational diabetes can lead to excessive birth weight (macrosomia), preterm birth, respiratory problems, and low blood sugar after birth.
Managing gestational diabetes involves monitoring blood sugar levels, following a balanced diet, and engaging in regular physical activity. In some cases, medication such as insulin may be required if lifestyle changes do not adequately control blood sugar. Close monitoring by healthcare providers is essential throughout pregnancy to ensure both the mother and baby remain healthy.
After childbirth, gestational diabetes usually resolves, but women who have had it are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life, so ongoing monitoring is recommended.
